Mapangidwe opangira ma waya ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamapangidwe opangira ma waya.Mawonekedwe ake akuluakulu amaphatikiza zomangira, zomangira, ndi mabulaketi.
1 Zomangira zingwe
Zomangira zingwe ndi zida zodzitchinjiriza zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polumikizira mawaya, ndipo zimapangidwa makamaka ndi PA66.Zokonza zambiri muzitsulo za waya zimamalizidwa ndi zingwe za chingwe.Ntchito ya tayi ndikumangirira chingwe cha waya ndikuchitchinjiriza mwamphamvu komanso modalirika pamabowo achitsulo, ma bolts, mbale zachitsulo ndi mbali zina kuti chingwe cha waya chisagwedezeke, kusuntha kapena kusokoneza zigawo zina ndikuwononga waya.
Ngakhale pali mitundu yambiri ya zomangira chingwe, iwo akhoza kugawidwa mu mitundu zotsatirazi malinga ndi mtundu wa pepala zitsulo clamping: clamping kuzungulira dzenje mtundu chingwe zomangira, clamping m'chiuno kuzungulira dzenje mtundu chingwe zomangira, clamping bawuti mtundu chingwe zomangira, clamping zitsulo mbale. mtundu wa ma cable ties, etc.
Zomangira zamtundu wa dzenje lozungulira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo omwe chitsulo chachitsulo chimakhala chophwanyika komanso malo opangira mawaya ndiakuluakulu komanso chingwe cholumikizira ndi chosalala, monga mu cab.Kutalika kwa dzenje lozungulira nthawi zambiri ndi 5-8 mm.
Chingwe chozungulira chozungulira chozungulira m'chiuno chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa thunthu kapena nthambi za waya.Tayi yamtundu wotereyi siyingazungulidwe mwakufuna mukatha kuyika, ndipo imakhala ndi kukhazikika kwamphamvu.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'chipinda cham'mbuyo.Bowo awiri nthawi zambiri 12 × 6 mm, 12 × 7mm)
Zomangira zingwe zamtundu wa bolt zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo omwe chitsulo chachitsulo chimakhala chokhuthala kapena chosagwirizana ndipo cholumikizira mawaya chimakhala ndi njira zina, monga zozimitsa moto.Kutalika kwa dzenje nthawi zambiri kumakhala 5mm kapena 6mm.
Taye yamtundu wa chitsulo chokhomerera imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'mphepete mwa chitsulo chachitsulo kukakamiza chitsulo kuti chisasunthike kusintha kwa waya komanso kuteteza m'mphepete mwa chitsulo kuti zisakanda mawaya.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazingwe zamawaya ndi bumper yakumbuyo yomwe ili mu cab.The makulidwe a pepala zitsulo Nthawi zambiri 0.8 ~ 2.0mm.
2 bulu
Ntchito ya buckle ndi yofanana ndi ya tayi, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza ndi kuteteza chingwe cha wiring.Zidazi zikuphatikizapo PP, PA6, PA66, POM, ndi zina zotero. Mitundu yazitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo T-zoboola pakati, zingwe zooneka ngati L, zomangira zitoliro, zomangira zolumikizira, ndi zina zotero.
Zomangamanga zooneka ngati T ndi zomangira zooneka ngati L zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'malo omwe malo opangira mawaya ndi ochepa chifukwa chokhazikitsa zokongoletsera zakunja kapena komwe sikuli koyenera kubowola mabowo opangira mawaya okha, monga m'mphepete mwa mawayawo. denga la kabati, lomwe nthawi zambiri limakhala dzenje lozungulira kapena m'chiuno;Zingwe zamtundu wa T ndi zomangira zooneka ngati L zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'malo omwe malo opangira mawaya ndi ochepa chifukwa chokhazikitsa zokongoletsera zakunja kapena komwe sikuli koyenera kubowola mabowo a mawaya okha, monga m'mphepete mwa kabati. denga, lomwe nthawi zambiri limakhala dzenje lozungulira kapena dzenje lozungulira m'chiuno;
Zomangira zamtundu wa zitoliro zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'malo omwe kubowola sikoyenera kapena kosatheka, monga matupi a injini, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala zitsulo zooneka ngati lilime;
Cholumikizira cholumikizira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuti chigwirizane ndi cholumikizira ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza cholumikizira pathupi lagalimoto.Nthawi zambiri imakhala dzenje lozungulira, dzenje lozungulira kapena dzenje lakiyi.Mtundu uwu wa buckle umalunjika kwambiri.Nthawi zambiri, mtundu wina wa kopanira umagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza cholumikizira pagalimoto yagalimoto.Buckle itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazolumikizira zofananira.
3 chitetezo champhamvu
Woteteza ma wiring bracket ali ndi kusinthasintha kosasinthika.Malonda a bulaketi amapangidwa mosiyanasiyana pamitundu yosiyanasiyana.Zidazi zikuphatikiza PP, PA6, PA66, POM, ABS, ndi zina zambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri mtengo wa chitukuko ndi wokwera kwambiri.
Mabakiteriya amawaya nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza zolumikizira, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomwe ma waya osiyanasiyana amalumikizidwa;
Chingwe chotchingira mawaya nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza ndi kuteteza mawaya, ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazingwe zamawaya zomwe zili pa injini.
B. Chingwe cholumikizira magalimoto chimakhazikika pagalimoto yonse yagalimoto, ndipo kuwonongeka kwa waya kumakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito agalimoto.Apa tikuwonetsa mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka zida zosiyanasiyana zomangira pamahatchi amawaya agalimoto.
Ma waya agalimoto ayenera kukhala ndi kutentha kwambiri komanso kutsika kwa kutentha, kukana kutentha ndi kusintha kwa chinyezi, kukana kugwedezeka, kukana utsi komanso kukana zosungunulira mafakitale.Choncho, chitetezo chakunja cha waya wa waya chimakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri.Zida zodzitetezera zakunja zakunja ndi njira zomangira zolumikizira waya sizingangotsimikizira mtundu wa waya, komanso kuchepetsa ndalama ndikuwongolera phindu lazachuma.
1 mzu
Mapaipi okhala ndi malata amakhala ndi gawo lalikulu pakuzimata kwa mawaya.Makhalidwe akuluakulu ndi kukana kuvala bwino, kukana kutentha kwambiri, kutentha kwa moto ndi kukana kutentha m'madera otentha kwambiri.Kukana kutentha kumakhala pakati pa -40 ~ 150 ℃.Malinga ndi zofunikira zomangira, nthawi zambiri zimagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: mavuvu otsekedwa ndi mavuvu otseguka.Mapaipi otsekedwa otsekedwa pamodzi ndi zingwe za waya amatha kupeza zotsatira zabwino zoletsa madzi, koma zimakhala zovuta kusonkhanitsa.Chitoliro cha malata otseguka chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamahatchi wamba ndipo ndi osavuta kulumikiza.Malinga ndi zofunika zosiyanasiyana kuzimata, malata mipope zambiri wokutidwa ndi PVC tepi m'njira ziwiri: kukulunga kwathunthu ndi mfundo kuzimata.Malinga ndi zomwe zalembedwazi, mapaipi a malata omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pama waya amagalimoto amagawidwa m'mitundu inayi: polypropylene (PP), nayiloni (PA6), polypropylene modified (PPmod) ndi triphenyl phosphate (TPE).Zodziwika zamkati zamkati zimayambira 4.5 mpaka 40.
Chitoliro cha malata cha PP chimakhala ndi kukana kutentha kwa 100 ° C ndipo ndi mtundu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazingwe zamawaya.
PA6 malata chitoliro ali ndi kutentha kukana 120 ° C.Ndizodziwikiratu pakuchedwa kwamoto komanso kukana kuvala, koma kukana kwake kugwada ndikotsika kuposa kwazinthu za PP.
PPmod ndi mtundu wopangidwa bwino wa polypropylene wokhala ndi mulingo wokana kutentha wa 130 ° C.
TPE ili ndi mulingo wapamwamba wokana kutentha, kufika 175 ° C.
Mtundu woyambira wa chitoliro chamalata ndi wakuda.Zida zina zosagwira moto zimaloledwa kukhala zakuda pang'ono.Yellow itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati pali zofunikira zapadera kapena zochenjeza (monga ma airbag wiring harness mapaipi amalata).
2 mapaipi a PVC
Chitoliro cha PVC chimapangidwa ndi polyvinyl chloride yofewa, yokhala ndi mainchesi amkati kuyambira 3.5 mpaka 40. Makoma amkati ndi akunja a chitoliro ndi osalala komanso ofanana mumtundu, omwe amatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino.Mtundu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi wakuda, ndipo ntchito yake ndi yofanana ndi mapaipi amalata.Mapaipi a PVC ali ndi kusinthasintha kwabwino komanso kukana kupindika, ndipo mapaipi a PVC nthawi zambiri amakhala otsekedwa, kotero mapaipi a PVC amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka panthambi za ma waya kuti azitha kusintha mawaya.Kutentha kosagwira kutentha kwa mapaipi a PVC sikokwera, nthawi zambiri kumunsi kwa 80 ° C, ndipo mapaipi apadera osamva kutentha ndi 105 ° C.
3 chikho cha fiberglass
Amapangidwa ndi ulusi wagalasi monga maziko ake, okulungidwa mu chubu, ophatikizidwa ndi utomoni wa silikoni, ndi zouma.Ndikoyenera kutetezedwa kwa waya pakati pa zida zamagetsi zomwe zimakonda kutentha kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwambiri.Ili ndi kukana kutentha kwa 200 ° C ndi kukana kwamagetsi mpaka ma kilovolts.pamwamba.Mtundu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi woyera.Ikhoza kupakidwa utoto mumitundu ina (monga yofiira, yakuda, ndi zina) malinga ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana za makasitomala.Mafotokozedwe a m'mimba mwake amachokera ku 2 mpaka 20. Chubuchi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mawaya a fusible mu ma waya.
4 tepi
Tepi imagwira ntchito yomanga matumba, yosavala, yosagwira kutentha, insulating, yosagwira moto, kuchepetsa phokoso, ndi kulemba chizindikiro pazingwe zamawaya.Ndiwo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zomangira za waya.Matepi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazingwe zamawaya nthawi zambiri amagawidwa mu tepi ya PVC, tepi ya flannel, ndi tepi ya nsalu.Mitundu 4 ya guluu woyambira ndi matepi a siponji.
Tepi ya PVC ndi tepi yomatira yooneka ngati mpukutu yopangidwa ndi insulating polyvinyl chloride filimu ngati maziko ake ndipo wogwirizana wokutidwa ndi zomatira-zovuta kukakamiza mbali imodzi.Ili ndi zomatira zabwino, zolimba komanso zotsekemera zamagetsi.Tepiyo ikatsegulidwa, filimuyo imakhala yosalala, mtundu wake ndi yunifolomu, mbali zonse ziwiri zimakhala zathyathyathya, ndipo kutentha kwa kutentha kumakhala pafupifupi 80 ° C.Iwo makamaka amasewera udindo bundling mu mawaya harnesses.
Tepi ya flannel yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi nsalu ya polyester yosalukidwa ngati maziko, yokutidwa ndi zomatira zosungunulira zopanda mphira zopanda zosungunulira, zopanda zotsalira za zosungunulira, kukana dzimbiri, magwiridwe antchito ochepetsa phokoso, zong'ambika pamanja, zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, kutentha kukana 105 ℃.Chifukwa chakuti zinthu zake ndi zofewa komanso zosagwirizana ndi dzimbiri, ndizoyenera kwambiri kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito muzitsulo zopangira mawaya m'madera ochepetsera phokoso la galimoto, monga zida zogwiritsira ntchito mawilo, ndi zina zotero. ndi kukana kukalamba.Wopangidwa ndi flannel ya polyamide yapamwamba, kukhuthala kwakukulu, palibe zinthu zowopsa, kukana dzimbiri, mphamvu yopumula bwino, komanso mawonekedwe okhazikika.
Tepi yokhala ndi ulusi wopangidwa ndi nsalu imagwiritsidwa ntchito pomangirira ma waya agalimoto osatentha kwambiri.Kupyolera mu kupindika ndi kupindika kozungulira, ma waya agalimoto osalala, okhazikika komanso osinthika amatha kupezeka.Wopangidwa ndi nsalu zapamwamba za thonje za thonje komanso zomatira zolimba zamtundu wa rabara, zimakhala ndi kukhuthala kwakukulu, palibe zinthu zowopsa, zimatha kung'ambika ndi manja, zimasinthasintha bwino, ndizoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito makina ndi manja.
Tepi yopangidwa ndi nsalu yopangidwa ndi polyester idapangidwa mwapadera kuti ikhale yolimba kwambiri yolimbana ndi ma waya am'madera a injini zamagalimoto.Chifukwa zinthu zoyambira zimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kukana kwamafuta komanso kutentha, ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'dera la injini.Amapangidwa ndi nsalu yapamwamba kwambiri ya polyester yokhala ndi kukana kwamafuta ambiri komanso zomatira zolimba za acrylic pressure-sensitive.Tepi ya siponji imapangidwa ndi thovu locheperako la PE ngati maziko ake, okutidwa ndi zomatira zogwira mwamphamvu kwambiri mbali imodzi kapena mbali zonse ziwiri, ndi zomangira za silicone zotulutsa.Imapezeka mu makulidwe osiyanasiyana, makulidwe ndi mitundu, imatha kukulungidwa kapena kufa-kudulidwa mumitundu yosiyanasiyana.Tepiyo imakhala ndi kukana kwanyengo yabwino, kufananiza, kupindika, kusindikiza komanso kumamatira kwapamwamba, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Tepi ya siponji ya Velvet ndi zida zotetezera waya zomwe zimagwira ntchito bwino.M'munsi mwake ndi wosanjikiza wa flannel wophatikizidwa ndi siponji, ndipo amakutidwa ndi zomatira zomwe zimapangidwira mwapadera.Imagwira ntchito yochepetsera phokoso, mayamwidwe odabwitsa, komanso chitetezo chosamva kuvala.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazingwe zolumikizira zida, zomangira mawaya padenga, ndi zingwe zomangira zitseko zamagalimoto aku Japan ndi aku Korea.Kuchita kwake kuli bwino kuposa tepi wamba wamba ndi siponji, koma mtengo wake ndi wokwera mtengo kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-23-2023